List of Tables
List of Figures
Preface

Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Pollutants: Types and Effects
Chapter 3: Air Pollution Due to Mobile Sources in Beirut: Monitoring and Sampling
Chapter 4: Adverse Health Impacts of Air Pollution: A Review of the Literature
Chapter 5: Economic Impacts of Air Pollution on Health in Beirut
Chapter 6: Policy Options for Addressing Mobile Source Pollution in Lebanon
Chapter 7: Conclusion

Bibliography

Appendix A: Hourly Traffic Flow Rates in Some Streets of Beirut

Appendix B: List of Diseases by Priority and ICD-9 Codes

Appendix C: Republic of Lebanon, Ministry of Environment Proposed Laws for Protection of Environment

Table 2.1: Sources and Impacts of Air Pollutants
Table 3.1: Estimated NO_x Concentration (mg/m³)
Table 3.2: Estimated HC Concentration (mg/m³)
Table 3.3: Estimated Lead Concentration (mg/m³)
Table 3.4: Estimated Levels of Pollutants in Beirut and the NAAQS Limits
Table 4.1: Health Impacts of Selected Air Pollutants
Table 4.2: Summary Ranges of Health Impacts
Table 5.1: Concentration-Response Values Used in Analysis
Table 5.2: Distribution of Death in Lebanese Households (%)
Table 5.3: Number of Lives Saved from a 10mg/m³ Reduction in Particulates
Table 5.4: Total Hospital Admissions and Admissions For Selected Diseases
Table 5.5: Average Cost of Hospitalization for Selected Diseases
Table 5.6: Estimated Annual Social Cost of 10mg/m³ of Particulates in Beirut

Figure 1.1: Air Pollution Main Sources
Figure 1.2: Fuel Imports to Lebanon during the Last 3 Decades
Figure 1.3: Historical vehicle Growth in Greater Beirut Area
Figure 3.1: Particulate Concentration Levels on Bliss Street
Figure 3.2: Ozone Concentration in Beirut
Figure 3.3: Estimated CO Concentration Levels in Beirut
Figure 3.4: Estimated NO_x Concentration Levels in Beirut
Figure 3.5: Estimated HC Concentration Levels in Beirut
Figure 3.6: Estimated Lead Concentration Levels in Beirut
Figure 3.7: Estimated CO Levels in Dora
Figure 3.8: Estimated NO_x Levels in Dora
Figure 3.9: Estimated Lead Levels in Dora
Figure 3.10: Estimated Daily Petrol NO_x Emissions in Beirut
Figure 3.11: Estimated Daily Petrol CO Emissions in Beirut
Figure 3.12: Estimated Daily Petrol HC Emissions in Beirut